Coulomb's Law

📊 intermediate

$$F = k_e \frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}$$

Calculates the electrostatic force between two point charges.

Variables & Units

$F$

Electrostatic Force

Unit: Newton ($N$)

$k_e$

Coulomb's constant

Unit: $8.987 imes 10^9 N \cdot m^2/C^2$

$q_1, q_2$

Electric charges

Unit: Coulomb ($C$)

$r$

Distance between charges

Unit: Meter ($m$)

Key Information

📐 Derived From

Empirical observations by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb.

💡 Example

Force between two $1 C$ charges $1 m$ apart is $k_e$ Newtons.

🔧 Applications

Circuit design and atomic physics.

⚠️ Constraints

Applies only to stationary point charges.

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