First Law of Electrolysis (Faraday)

📊 intermediate

$$m = ZIt$$

The mass of a substance deposited at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the electrolyte.

Variables & Units

$m$

Mass of substance

Unit: Gram ($g$)

$Z$

Electrochemical equivalent

Unit: $g/C$

$I$

Current

Unit: Ampere ($A$)

$t$

Time

Unit: Second ($s$)

Key Information

📐 Derived From

Experimental observations by Michael Faraday.

💡 Example

Calculating mass of Silver plated onto a spoon in $10$ minutes.

🔧 Applications

Electroplating, aluminum extraction, and refining metals.

⚠️ Constraints

Constant current.

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