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Formulas

Chemistry

Showing formulas of Chemistry

Showing 24 of 40 formulas Page 1 of 2

Ideal Gas Law

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → States of Matter → Gases
$$PV = nRT$$
The equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas.
📖 Chemistry 📚 States of Matter

Gibbs Free Energy Change

Chemistry → Thermodynamics → Chemical Energetics → Spontaneity
$$\Delta G = \Delta H - TDelta S$$
Used to predict the spontaneity of a chemical reaction.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Chemical Energetics

Beer-Lambert Law

Chemistry → Analytical Chemistry → Spectroscopy → Absorbance
$$A = epsilon l c$$
Relates the attenuation of light to the properties of the material through which the light is traveling.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Spectroscopy

Arrhenius Equation

Chemistry → Kinetics → Reaction Rate → Rate Constant
$$k = Ae^{-E_a/RT}$$
Temperature dependence
📖 Chemistry 📚 Reaction Rate

Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → Equilibrium → Acids and Bases
$$pH = pK_a + \log_{10}\left(\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}\right)$$
Relates the pH of a buffer solution to the $pK_a$ and the ratio of conjugate base to acid concentrations.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Equilibrium

Molarity

Chemistry → General Chemistry → Solutions → Concentration Units
$$M = \frac{n}{V}$$
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Solutions

pH Formula

Chemistry → Acids Bases → pH Scale → Acidity
$$pH = -\log[H^+]$$
Acidity measure
📖 Chemistry 📚 pH Scale

Nernst Equation

Chemistry → Electrochemistry → Cells → Potential
$$E = E^\circ - \frac{0.0591}{n}\log Q$$
Cell potential
📖 Chemistry 📚 Cells

Graham's Law of Effusion

Chemistry → Gases → Kinetic Molecular Theory → Effusion
$$\frac{r_1}{r_2} = \sqrt{\frac{M_2}{M_1}}$$
Rate of effusion is inversely proportional to square root of molar mass.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Kinetic Molecular Theory

Boyle's Law

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → States of Matter → Gas Laws
$$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$$
States that the pressure of a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature.
📖 Chemistry 📚 States of Matter

Standard Enthalpy of Reaction

Chemistry → Thermodynamics → Thermochemistry → Hess's Law
$$\Delta H_{rxn}^\circ = \sum n\Delta H_f^\circ(\text{products}) - \sum m\Delta H_f^\circ(\text{reactants})$$
Calculates the total heat change in a chemical reaction using standard enthalpies of formation.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Thermochemistry

Charles's Law

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → States of Matter → Gas Laws
$$\frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2}$$
States that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure.
📖 Chemistry 📚 States of Matter

Raoult's Law

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → Solutions → Vapor Pressure
$$P_{\text{solution}} = X_{\text{solvent}} P_{\text{solvent}}^\circ$$
The vapor pressure of an ideal solution is dependent on the vapor pressure of each chemical component and the mole fraction of that component present in the solution.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Solutions

Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis

Chemistry → Electrochemistry → Electrolysis → Quantitative Electrolysis
$$m = ZIt$$
States that the mass of a substance deposited at an electrode is proportional to the quantity of electricity passed.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Electrolysis

Gibbs-Helmholtz Equation

Chemistry → Thermodynamics → Chemical Energetics → Free Energy
$$\left(\frac{\partial(\Delta G/T)}{\partial T}\right)_P = -\frac{\Delta H}{T^2}$$
Describes the variation of the Gibbs energy with temperature.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Chemical Energetics

Root Mean Square Velocity

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → Gaseous State → Molecular Speeds
$$v_{rms} = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}$$
The average speed of gas particles as determined by their kinetic energy.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Gaseous State

Henry's Law

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → Solutions → Gas Solubility
$$C = kP$$
The solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Solutions

Van der Waals Equation

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → States of Matter → Real Gases
$$\left(P + a\frac{n^2}{V^2}\right)(V - nb) = nRT$$
An equation of state for real gases that accounts for molecular size and intermolecular forces.
📖 Chemistry 📚 States of Matter

Gibbs Free Energy and Equilibrium

Chemistry → Thermodynamics → Chemical Equilibrium → Spontaneity
$$\Delta G^\circ = -RT \ln K$$
Relates the standard Gibbs free energy change to the equilibrium constant.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Chemical Equilibrium

Standard Cell Potential

Chemistry → Electrochemistry → Redox → Voltage
$$E^\circ_{\text{cell}} = E^\circ_{\text{cathode}} - E^\circ_{\text{anode}}$$
Calculates the maximum voltage of an electrochemical cell under standard conditions.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Redox

Standard Reaction Quotient

Chemistry → Physical Chemistry → Equilibrium → Reaction Quotient
$$Q = \frac{[C]^c [D]^d}{[A]^a [B]^b}$$
Calculates the relative amounts of products and reactants at any point during a reaction.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Equilibrium

Law of Reciprocal Proportions

Chemistry → General Chemistry → Basic Concepts → Laws Of Chemical Combination
$$W_{AB} = \frac{W_{AC} \times W_{BC}}{W_C}$$
If two different elements combine separately with a fixed mass of a third element, the ratio of the masses in which they do so are either the same as or a simple multiple of the ratio of the masses in which they combine with each other.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Basic Concepts

Faraday's Second Law of Electrolysis

Chemistry → Electrochemistry → Electrolysis → Chemical Equivalents
$$\frac{m_1}{m_2} = \frac{E_1}{E_2}$$
Masses of different substances deposited by the same amount of electricity are proportional to their chemical equivalent weights.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Electrolysis

Molarity Dilution

Chemistry → Solutions → Dilution → Concentration
$$M_1 V_1 = M_2 V_2$$
Moles of solute conserved during dilution.
📖 Chemistry 📚 Dilution
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