Formula Library

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of gas by one degree at constant volume.

The standard integral for the square of the secant function.

The work done per unit charge in bringing a positive test charge from infinity to a point.

Simplified Nernst equation for calculating cell voltage at $298 K$ using base-10 log.

The total force acting on a point charge moving through both electric and magnetic fields.

Calculates the area of a triangle when only the lengths of the three sides are known.

The volume occupied by one mole of a substance (gas) at a given temperature and pressure.

The angle by which the current lags or leads the voltage in an alternating current circuit.

The rotational equivalent of mass for a uniform solid sphere rotating about its diameter.

A standard way to represent a straight line on a Cartesian plane.

The force between two point charges placed in a dielectric medium.

States that the blackbody radiation curve for different temperatures peaks at a wavelength inversely proportional to the temperature.

The pressure required to stop the flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane.

The minimum speed needed for an object to break free from the gravitational attraction of a massive body.

Standard integral result involving inverse sine.

The frequency at which the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other, allowing maximum current.

Relates the intensity of a beam of polarized light transmitted through a second polarizer to the angle between the transmission axes.

Calculates the work when the applied force changes with position.

Used to calculate the pH of a buffer solution consisting of a weak acid and its conjugate base.

The rotational inertia of a uniform thin rod rotating about an axis through its center perpendicular to its length.

The antiderivative of the natural logarithm function.

The energy of a magnetic dipole (like a compass needle) in an external magnetic field.

The net electric flux through any closed surface is equal to the net charge enclosed by the surface divided by $\epsilon_0$.

In an isolated system, the total momentum remains constant during a collision.